Basic Medicare Supplement Plans
A Medicare supplement
plan is a private health insurance plan that fills the “gaps” in
Original Medicare coverage. Each plan offers a different set of
benefits. Any standardized plan can also be sold as a Medicare Select
plan (described after the Medicare supplement sections in this chapter),
if an issuing insurer chooses to make a Medicare Select plan available.
Medicare Select plans usually cost less, because a person must use
certain doctors and hospitals, except in an emergency.
A Medicare beneficiary
has certain rights and protections related to Medicare supplement plans.
Individuals need to be aware of what these rights and protections are as
they shop for Medicare supplement plans. If individuals are in a
Medicare Advantage plan, or if they are covered by Medicaid, they do not
need a Medicare supplement plan. Although it is not illegal for anyone
to sell a Medicare supplement plan in these cases, it makes no sense.
Every company offering
Medicare supplement insurance must offer Plan A, which includes certain
“basic” or “core” benefits. In addition, companies may offer some, all,
or none of the other plans.
The basic benefits included in all plans
are these:
Hospitalization,
Medicare Part A coinsurance, plus coverage for 365
additional days during the insured’s lifetime after Medicare benefits
end;
Medical expenses, Medicare Part B coinsurance—generally
20 percent of Medicare-approved expenses, or copayments for hospital
outpatient services; and
coverage for the first three pints of blood each
year.
These three basic
benefits are found in all plans A through J. Basic benefits for plans K
and L include similar services as Plans A through J, but cost sharing
for the basic benefits is at different levels.
The standard plans have
certain prerequisites. For example, Medicare supplement policies assume
that a person has both Medicare Part A and Part B coverage. Each policy
provides coverage for gaps in both parts of Medicare, and a person
cannot buy a policy that deals with only one part or the other. Nor can
a person buy a Medicare supplement policy without getting Medicare Part
B coverage, with most companies. In other words, for a plan to
“supplement” Medicare, the Part B Medicare provision must be in place
before an insurance policy can “supplement” it. (Some states and some
Medicare supplement companies may have variances on these Part B
qualifying rules.)
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Beneficiaries, or prospects, and insurance producers alike must
be careful not to confuse Part A or Part B
of Medicare with Plan A or Plan B of
Medicare Supplements. |
Medicare Supplemental
Plans -
Medigap
Plan A - The Basic Policy
Plan B
Plan C
Plan D
Plan E
Plan F
Plan G
Plan H
Plan I
Plan J
Plan K
Plan L
Basic Benefits for Plans A–J
Hospitalization—Part A
coinsurance plus coverage for 365 additional days after Medicare
benefits end.
Medical Expenses—Part B
coinsurance (generally 20 percent of Medicare-approved expenses) for
hospital outpatient services.
Blood—First three pints
of blood each year.
Medicare Supplemental
Plans -
Medigap
Plan A offers the basic
plan benefits; Plans B through J include Plan A basic benefits and add
various benefits to it.
·
coverage for the Part A coinsurance amount for the
sixty-first through the ninetieth day of hospitalization in each
Medicare benefit period;
·
coverage for the Part A coinsurance amount for each of
Medicare’s 60 non-renewable lifetime hospital reserve days;
·
after all Medicare hospital benefits are exhausted,
coverage for 100 percent of the eligible Medicare Part A hospital
expenses. Coverage is limited to a maximum of 365 days of additional
inpatient hospital care during the policyholder’s lifetime. This benefit
is paid at the Medicare-approved rate.
·
coverage under Medicare Parts A and B for the reasonable
cost of the first three pints of blood or equivalent quantities of
packed red blood cells per calendar year, unless replaced in accordance
with federal regulations; and
·
coverage for the coinsurance amount for Part B services
(generally 20 percent of the approved amount, or 50 percent of approved
charges for outpatient mental health services) after the annual
deductible is met.
Includes all the Plan A
basic benefits, plus coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible.
Includes all the Plan A
basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
coverage for the Medicare Part B deductible; and
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum benefit
of $50,000.
Includes all the Plan A
basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum benefit
of $50,000; and
·
coverage for at-home recovery—The at-home recovery benefit
pays up to $1,600 per year for short-term personal care assistance with
activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, personal hygiene, etc.)
for people recovering from an injury or sickness for which Medicare
approved a home care treatment plan. There are various benefit
requirements and limitations.
Includes all the Plan A
basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside of the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum
benefit of $50,000; and
·
coverage for preventive medical care not covered by
Medicare. The preventive medical care benefit pays up to $120 per year
for such items as a physical examination, serum cholesterol screening,
hearing test, diabetes screening, and thyroid function test,
administered or ordered by a doctor when not covered by Medicare.
Includes all the Plan A
basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
coverage for the Medicare Part B deductible;
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside of the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum
benefit of $50,000; and
·
coverage for 100 percent of Medicare Part B excess
charges. Plan F pays a specified percentage of the difference between
Medicare’s approved amount for Part B services and the actual charges up
to the amount of charge limitations set by either Medicare or state law.
Includes all the Plan A
basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
coverage for 80 percent of Medicare Part B excess charges.
Plan G pays a specified percentage of the difference between Medicare’s
approved amount for Part B services and the actual charges up to the
amount of charge limitations set by either Medicare or state law.
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside of the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum
benefit of $50,000; and
·
coverage for at-home recovery—The at-home recovery benefit
pays up to $1,600 per year for short-term personal care assistance with
activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, personal hygiene, etc.)
for those recovering from an injury or sickness for which Medicare
approved a home care treatment plan. There are various benefit
requirements and limitations.
We discuss the original
Plan H, because some of these plans are still in force. However, the
drug benefit is not allowed to be used after Medicare Part D was
introduced in 2006 as a result of MMA 2003. Current H Plans do not
include the “original” prescription drug benefits.
Plan H includes all the
Plan A basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside of the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum
benefit of $50,000; and
·
originally, coverage for 50 percent of the cost of
prescription drugs up to a maximum annual benefit of $1,250 after the
policyholder met a $250 per year deductible. This was called the
basic prescription drug benefit.
As with Plan H, some
original I Plans are still in force. However, the drug benefit is not
allowed to be used after Medicare Part D was introduced in 2006 as a
result of MMA 2003. Current I Plans do not include the “original”
prescription drug services.
Plan I includes all the
Plan A basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
coverage for 100 percent of Medicare Part B excess
charges. Plan I pays a specified percentage of the difference between
Medicare’s approved amount for Part B services and the actual charges up
to the amount of charge limitations set by either Medicare or state law.
·
originally, coverage for 50 percent of the cost of
prescription drugs up to a maximum annual benefit of $1,250 after the
policyholder met a $250 per year deductible. This was called the
basic prescription drug benefit.
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside of the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum
benefit of $50,000; and
·
coverage for at-home recovery—The at-home recovery benefit
pays up to $1,600 per year for short-term personal care assistance with
activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, personal hygiene, etc.)
for those recovering from an injury or sickness, for which Medicare
approved a home care treatment plan. There are various benefit
requirements and limitations.
As with Plans H and I,
some original Plan Js are still in force; however, the drug benefit is
not allowed to be used after Medicare Part D was introduced in 2006 as a
result of MMA 2003. Current J Plans do not include the “original”
prescription drug benefits.
Plan Js include all the
Plan A basic benefits, plus
·
coverage for the Medicare Part A inpatient hospital
deductible;
·
coverage for the skilled nursing facility care coinsurance
amount;
·
coverage for the Medicare Part B deductible;
·
coverage for 100 percent of Medicare Part B excess
charges. Plan J pays a specified percentage of the difference between
Medicare’s approved amount for Part B services and the actual charges up
to the amount of charge limitations set by either Medicare or state law.
·
80 percent coverage for medically necessary emergency care
in a foreign country, beginning during the first 60 days of each trip
outside of the USA, after a $250 deductible, to a lifetime maximum
benefit of $50,000;
·
originally, coverage for 50 percent of the cost of
prescription drugs up to a maximum annual benefit of $3,000, after the
policyholder met a $250 per year deductible. This was called the
extended drug benefit.
·
coverage for at-home recovery—The at-home recovery benefit
pays up to $1,600 per year for short-term personal care assistance with
activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, personal hygiene, etc.)
for those recovering from an injury or sickness for which Medicare
approved a home care treatment plan. There are various benefit
requirements and limitations.
·
coverage for preventive medical care not covered by
Medicare—The preventive medical care benefit pays up to $120 per year
for such items as a physical examination, serum cholesterol screening,
hearing test, diabetes screening, and thyroid function test,
administered or ordered by a doctor when not covered by Medicare.
The Balanced Budget Act
added two high-deductible versions of Plans F and J to the list
of approved Medigap policy forms. They have the same coverage as Plans F
or J, but they have a high annual deductible ($1,860 in 2007), which
increases each year.1
Basic benefits for Plan K
include similar services as Plans A through J, but cost-sharing for the
basic benefits is at different levels.
·
100 percent of Part A hospitalization coinsurance plus
coverage for 365 days after Medicare benefits end;
·
50 percent hospice cost-sharing;
·
50 percent of Medicare-eligible expenses for the first
three pints of blood;
·
50 percent Part B coinsurance, except for the 100 percent
coinsurance for the Part B preventive services;
·
50 percent skilled nursing facility coinsurance;
·
50 percent Part A deductible; and
·
$4,140 out-of- pocket annual limit (as of 2007).2
Basic benefits for Plan L
include similar services as Plans A through J, but as with Plan K,
cost-sharing for the basic benefits is at different levels.
·
100 percent of Part A hospitalization coinsurance plus
coverage for 365 days after Medicare benefits end;
·
75 percent hospice cost-sharing;
·
75 percent of Medicare-eligible expenses for the first
three pints of blood;
·
75 percent Part B coinsurance, except for the 100 percent
coinsurance for the Part B preventive services;
·
75 percent skilled nursing facility coinsurance;
·
75 percent Part A deductible; and
·
$2,070 out-of-pocket annual limit (as of 2007).3
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Plans K and L provide for
different cost-sharing for items and services than Plans A
through J. Once the insured reaches the annual limit, the plan
pays 100 percent of the Medicare copayments, coinsurance, and
deductibles for the rest of the calendar year. The out-of-pocket
annual limit does NOT include charges from the health provider
that exceed Medicare-approved amounts. These charges are called
excess charges. The insured is responsible for paying
excess charges. The out-of-pocket annual limit will increase
each year for inflation. |
The standard Medicare
supplement Plans A through L are summarized in the charts on the
following pages.
Basic Benefits for Plans A–J
·
Hospitalization—Part A coinsurance plus coverage for 365
additional days after Medicare benefits end.
·
Medical Expenses—Part B coinsurance (generally 20 percent
of Medicare-approved expenses) for hospital outpatient services.
·
Blood—First three pints of blood each year.
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Outline of
Medicare Supplement Coverage
Benefit Plans A–J |
|
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F/F* |
G |
H |
I |
J* |
|
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
Basic benefits |
|
|
|
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
Skilled nursing
co-insurance |
|
|
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
Part A deductible |
|
|
|
Part B deductible |
|
|
Part B deductible |
|
|
|
Part B deductible |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Part B excess
(100%) |
Part B excess
(80%) |
|
Part B excess
(100%) |
Part B excess
(100%) |
|
|
|
Foreign travel
emergency |
Foreign travel
emergency |
Foreign travel
emergency |
Foreign travel
emergency |
Foreign travel
emergency |
Foreign travel
emergency |
Foreign travel
emergency |
Foreign travel
emergency |
|
|
|
|
At-home recovery |
|
|
At-home recovery |
|
At-home recovery |
At-home recovery |
|
|
|
|
|
Preventive care
not covered by Medicare |
|
|
|
|
Preventive care
not covered by Medicare |
* Plans F and J also have
an option called a high-deductible Plan F and a high-deductible Plan J.
These high-deductible plans pay the same or offer the same benefits as
standard Plan F and Plan J after the insured has paid a calendar year
($1,860 as of 2007) deductible. Benefits from high-deductible Plans F
and J will not begin until out-of-pocket expenses have reached this
deductible. Out-of-pocket expenses for this deductible are expenses that
would ordinarily be paid by the policy. These expenses include the
Medicare deductibles for Parts A and B, but they do not include in Plans
F and J the plans’ separate foreign travel emergency deductible.
Basic benefits for Plans
K and L include similar services as Plans A through J, but cost-sharing
for the basic benefits is at different levels.
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Outline of
Medicare Supplement Coverage
Plans J, K & L |
|
J |
K** |
L** |
|
Basic benefits |
100% of Part A
Hospitalization coinsurance plus coverage for 365 days after
Medicare benefits end;
50% hospice
cost-sharing;
50% of
Medicare-eligible expenses for the first three pints of blood;
50% Part B
coinsurance, except 100% coinsurance for Part B preventive
services. |
100% of Part A
Hospitalization coinsurance plus coverage for 365 days after
Medicare benefits end;
75% hospice
cost-sharing;
75% of
Medicare-eligible expenses for the first three pints of blood;
75% Part B
coinsurance, except 100% coinsurance for Part B preventive
services. |
|
Skilled nursing
coinsurance |
50% skilled
nursing facility coinsurance |
75% skilled
nursing facility coinsurance |
|
Part A deductible |
50% Part A
deductible |
75% Part A
deductible |
|
Part B deductible |
|
|
|
Part B excess
(100%) |
|
|
|
Foreign travel
emergency |
|
|
|
At-home recovery |
|
|
|
Preventive care
not covered by Medicare |
|
|
|
|
$4,000
out-of-pocket annual limit*** |
$2,000
out-of-pocket annual limit*** |
**Plans K and L provide
for different cost-sharing for items and services than Plans A through
J.
Once the insured reaches
the annual limit, the plan pays 100 percent of the Medicare copayment,
coinsurance, and deductibles for the rest of the calendar year. The
out-of-pocket annual limit does NOT include charges for the provider
that exceed Medicare-approved amounts, called “excess charges.” The
insured is responsible for paying excess charges.
***The out-of-pocket
annual limit will increase each year for inflation.
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